Hyperpigmentation occurs when there is an excess of melanin in the skin, which causes spots on the skin. It can have various causes, both endogenous (genetic, hormonal, senile, post-inflammatory, metabolic, vascular, etc.) and exogenous (exposure to UV rays, pollution or other external aggressions, medication or medical-aesthetic treatments).
Types of hyperpigmentation
- Melanotic.There is a normal number of melanocytes and an increase in melanocyte pigment. Some aesthetic disorders:
- Ephelides (freckles). In most cases, they are genetic in origin and typically appear on the parts of the body most exposed to the sun in phototypes I and II. Melanin increases, although the melanocytes are normal.
- Solar lentigo. These are round, flat hyperpigmentations, very small and ranging in colour from yellowish brown to dark brown, even black. They are caused by excessive melanin production. They are found in areas exposed to the sun. They are stimulated by UV radiation.
- Melasma. There is an increase in melanin as the number of melanocytes increases. It is usually located on the forehead, nose, cheeks, and lower jaw. It is usually due to a hormonal factor such as pregnancy (second month), oestrogens and progestogens, ovarian dysfunction and thyroid dysfunction, together with solar radiation. Melasma is aggravated by sun exposure.
- Melanocytic. When there is an increase in the number of melanocytes. For example:
- Senile lentigo. These are small dark yellow spots that tend to be brown in colour. They appear in large numbers from adulthood onwards, particularly on the hands and wrists.
- Non-melanocytic. This is due to very different causes such as tattoos, drugs (minocycline), metals (silver salts), etc. It is caused by a reaction of the skin to solar radiation (especially UVA rays) when it comes into contact with areas of the skin exposed to these substances.
- Post-inflammatory hyperchromia. This occurs after acute or chronic inflammation and includes, for example, eczema, acne and skin trauma of various origins.
- Endogenous imperfections of vascular origin: couperosis, rosacea, dilated capillaries or congestive skin, etc.
Tranexamic acid, an excellent active ingredient against hyperpigmentation
One of the most innovative and multifunctional assets on the market in the field of aesthetic disorders related to skin blemishes of various origins is tranexamic acid. It is a haemostatic agent, a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine, which is involved in the production of melanin and also in the release of the vascular and inflammatory component of skin blemishes.
How tranexamic acid works
Tranexamic acid has several effects that influence the process of spot formation.
On the one hand, it decreases the activity of tyrosinase, an enzyme on which the melanin synthesis process depends.
It also inhibits plasmin and the binding of plasminogen to keratinocytes. These two actions enable the elimination and prevention of hyperpigmentation such as melasma, age spots, freckles, etc.
Finally, it inhibits vascular factors by reducing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), which translates into an action on blood vessel cells. This action reduces the excessive vascularisation characteristic of some types of hyperpigmentation: couperosis, rosacea, dilated capillaries or congestive skin, etc.
Tranexamic Acid from Institute BCN, an effective treatment for hyperpigmentation.
We have seen how tranexamic acid works in the body. Let’s now look at the results of these actions thanks to the treatment of hyperpigmented skin with Tranexamic Acid from Institute BCN.
- Due to its depigmenting effect:
- Elimination of dark skin spots, such as age spots, lentigines, melasma, spots caused by contraceptives, corticosteroids, sun exposure or pollution, etc.
- Correction of photoaging.
- Prevention of the appearance of hyperpigmentation such as melasma.
- Reduction of the darkness of brownish under-eye circles.
- Elimination of spots resulting from inflammation and other lesions, such as acne.
- For its vasoconstrictive effect:
- Reduces the reddish tone of blood vessels: corrects and prevents rosacea and couperose.
- In addition:
- Evens out skin tone to make it more homogeneous.
- Lightens skin with some type of hyperpigmentation.
- Brightens the complexion.
In summary, Tranexamic Acid from Institute BCN helps reduce and prevent the appearance of hyperpigmentation and improves the appearance of both stubborn dark spots and translucent reddish spots caused by superficial blood vessels. The results of its application can therefore be seen in a wide range of aesthetic conditions, from melasma, solar lentigines and senile hyperkeratosis to rosacea, post-acne marks and marks resulting from certain aesthetic treatments.
In all cases, Tranexamic Acid from Institute BCN achieves a unique depigmenting, whitening and mattifying effect that restores uniformity and luminosity to the skin, making it one of the leading products among skin lighteners for blemishes.
MesoBlanche®, the perfect complement to professional treatment
Within the BCN Pre&Post line, which has the dual objective of preparing the skin for professional treatment and maintaining and improving the results after treatment, we find the MesoBlanche® depigmentation cream. Due to its composition and effects, it is the perfect complement to professional treatment with Tranexamic Acid.
MesoBlanche® combines different active agents that act on the skin’s natural pigmentation cycle, providing an even, luminous complexion.
Its main active ingredients are kojic acid, watercress extract, Rumex occidentalis extract, natural AHA extract, niacinamide, zinc, Lupinus albus and SPF30 sun protection factor.
Specific benefits of MesoBlanche®:
- Gently exfoliates dead cells with accumulated pigment.
- Prepares the skin to boost the penetration of highly lightening substances.
- Interferes with melanin synthesis in order to reduce and prevent the appearance of pigmentation.
- Improves cell renewal by activating skin respiration and oxygenation.
- Provides sun protection against the effects of UV rays.
- Reduces irritation and soothes the skin with plant extracts.
